m^. 



- /tSi,fj. 



CaNSTlTUTION AND BY-LAVS 



OF THE 



FRANKLIN INSTITUTE 



OF THE 



STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA 



FOR THE 



PKO MOTION OF THE MECHANIC ARTS: 



_ WITH THE 



^3^ACT OF INCORPOEATION 






Philadelphia: 

MERBIHEW & THOMPSON, PRINTERS, 

No. 7 Carter's Alley, 
1847. 



STATED MEETINGS. 

The Institute, Monthly — 3d Thursday evening. 

Board of Managers, " 3d Wednesday evening. 

STANDING COMMITTEES. 
On Instruction, "^ 

., A , *j Tk4- r 4. y Monthly — 2d Monday Evening. 

" Arts and Manufactures, [ -^ j o 

*' Meetings, J 

" Exhibitions, ") 

" Meteorology, C " 2d Tuesday Evening. 

" The Library, 3 

" Publications, "^ 

" Minerals and Geological C " 2d Wednesday Evening. 

Specimens, 3 

" Science and the Arts, " 2d Thursday evening. 

TIMES OF MEETINGS. 

The Institute. — At 7 o'clock in November, December, 
January, and February — at 7^ o'clock in March, April, Septem- 
ber, and October— and at 8 o'clock in May, June, July, and 
August. 

Board of Managers. — At 8 o'clock in May, June, July, 
and August, and at 7^ o'clock the remainder of the year. 

Standing Committees. — At the same hours as the Board. 



LIBRARY AND READING ROOM. 

OPEN EVERY DAY, (Sunday's excepted) from 10 
o'clock, A. M., to 10 o'clock, P.M. 

LECTURES 

Are delivered for 21 weeks, from the Isl Monday in Novem- 
ber, as follows, viz : 

On General Chemistry, every Monday evening. 

On Mechanics and Natural Philosophy, every Wednesday 
evening. 

On Chemistry applied to the Arts, every Friday evening. 



DRAWING SCHOOL, 

Open on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday eve- 
nings, for 24 weeks, commencing on the 1st Tuesday 
of October, in each year. Terms — Five dollars per 
quarter. The pupils, under 21 years of age, are en- 
titled to attend the Lectures of the Institute without 
any additional charge. 

TERMS OF MEMBERSHIP, 

THREE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, or TWEN- 
TY-FIVE DOLLARS FOR LIFE. The annual 
contribution payable in advance, on the first of Octo- 
ber. No member will be entitled to the use of the 
Lectures, the Library, or the Reading Room, until 
his annual contribution for the current year is paid. 
Minors, who are the sons, daughters, wards or ap- 
prentices of members who have paid their annual 
contribution for the current year, will be entitled to 
attend the Lectures of the Institute, on the payment 
of One Dollar. Ladies will be admitted for Two 
Dollars ; and Gentlemen, who are not members, on 
the payment of Five Dollars. 



AN ACT 

To incofpofate the Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsylvania for 
the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts. 

Sectiobt L Be it enacted by the Senate and House 
of Rrepresentatives of the Commonwealth of Penn- 
sylvania in General Assembly met, and it is hereby 
enacted by the authority of the same, That the sub- 
scribers to the association called the Franklin Insti- 
tute of the State of Pennsylvania for the promotion of 
the Mechanic Arts, and all such persons as may here- 
after be admitted members of the same, shall be, and 
they are hereby declared to be, a body politic and 
corporate, by the name and style of " The Franklin 
Institute of the State of Pennsylvania for the Pro- 
motion of the Mechanic Arts," to have perpetual suc- 
cession, to sue and be sued, implead and be implead- 
ed, in all courts of record or elsewhere, to use a com- 
mon seal, and break, alter and renew the same at 
pleasure, and to take, hold, and enjoy lands, tene- 
ments, and hereditaments; Provided, that the yearly 
income of the real estates held by them shall not ex- 
ceed two thousand dollars. 

Section 2. And be it further enacted by the au- 
thority aforesaid. That the objects of the said corpo- 
ration shall be the promotion and encouragement of 
manufactures and the mechanic and useful arts, by the 
establishment of popular lectures on the sciences con- 



nected with them, by the formation of a cabinet ot 
models and minerals, and a library, by offering pre« 
miums on all objects deemed worthy of encourage, 
ment, by examining all new inventions submitted to 
them, and by such other measures as they may judge 
expedient. 

Section 3. And he it further enacted by the au- 
thority aforesaid, That the members of said corpora- 
tion shall consist of manufacturers, mechanics, arti- 
sans, and persons friendly to the mechanic arts ; they 
shall pay such sum annually, or in gross, as shall be 
required by the by-laws of the said corporation for 
an annual, or life, subscription ; Provided, that no- 
thing herein contained shall be construed to pre- 
vent the said corporation from electing honorary or 
corresponding members, who may be exempted from 
such payments and other duties of membership, in 
such manner and to such extent as may be prescribed 
by the by-laws of the said corporation. 

Section 4. And be it further enacted by the au- 
thority aforesaid, That the officers of the said corpo- 
ration shall be a president, two vice-presidents, a re- 
cording secretary, a corresponding secretary, a trea- 
surer, and twenty-four managers, who shall, together, 
constitute a board of managers, of said corporation and 
such other officers as the said corporation shall deem 
needful ; two-thirds of the managers shall be manu- 
facturers or mechanics ; the said officers shall be 
elected at an annual meeting of the said corporation, 
to be held on the third Thursday in January ; if an 
election shall not take place on that day, the corpo- 
ration shall not for that cause be dissolved, but an 



election shall be held as soon afterwards, as may be, 
and until such election the officers in place shall con- 
tinue to act ; public notice of all elections shall be 
given in such manner as may be prescribed by the 
by-laws of the said corporation ; the present officers 
of the said association are hereby constituted the of- 
ficers of the corporation hereby created ; and shall 
continue to hold their respective offices till otherwise 
elected under the provisions of this act : Provided 
•always, that the said corporation shall have power to 
increase the number of vice-presidents and managers 
hereinbefore mentioned, to such number as may be 
deemed advisable and convenient at a stated meeting 
of the said corporation, the same public notice of such 
intended alteration being previously given as may be 
required to be given of the election of officers of the 
said corporation. 

Section 5. And be it further enacted by the aU' 
thority aforesaid, That the duties and rights of the 
members of the said corporation, the powers and 
functions of the officers thereof hereinbefore men- 
tioned, and of such others as may hereafter be added, 
the mode of supplying vacancies in office, the times 
of meeting of the said corporation, and of the board of 
managers, the numbers which shall constitute a quo- 
rum at any such meetings, the mode of electing mem- 
bers, the terms of their admission, the causes which 
shall justify their suspension or expulsion from the 
corporation, and all other concerns of the said corpo- 
ration shall be regulated by the by-laws and ordi. 
nances of the said corporation hereafter to be made. 



8 

which the said corporation is hereby authorized and 
and empowered to make and alter, in the manner 
which may be therein mentioned ; Provided, that the 
said by-laws or ordinances shall not be repugnant to, 
or inconsistent with, the constitution or laws of the 
United States or of this Commonwealth. 



OJIice of the Clerk of the Senate of the Commonwealth 
of Pennsylvania, March SOth. 1824. 

I certify that the foregoing Bill passed both branches 
of the Legislature, and received the signature of the 
Governor on this day. As witness my hand the day 
and year above written. 

(Signed) JNO. DUPUY, Clerk. 



CONSTITUTION 



I. Title and Objects. 

The Society shall be known by the name of the 
" Franklin Institute of the State of Pennsyl- 
vania FOR the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts." 

Its objects shall be the promotion and encourage- 
ment of Manufactures and the Mechanic and Useful 
Arts, by the establishment of Popular Lectures on 
the Sciences connected with them ; by the formation 
of a Cabinet of Models and Minerals, and a Library ; 
by offering Premiums on all objects deemed worthy 
of encouragement ; by examining all new Inventions 
submitted to them ; and by such other means as they 
may judge expedient. 

II. Members. 

1. The Members shall consist of Manufacturers, 
Mechanics, Artisans, and persons friendly to the Me- 
chanic Arts. 

2. Any person desirous of becoming a Member 
shall be proposed by two Members to the Institute, 
who shall vote, viva voce, on his application at the 
next stated meeting. The names of candidates nomi- 
nated shall be suspended conspicuously in the Hall 
for one month before the election. 



10 

3. No person shall be entitled to the privilege of 
Membership until he shall have paid his first annual 
contribution, and signed the constitution. 

4. Any member who shall have refused to pay his 
annual contribution for two successive years, shall, by 
a vote of the Institute, forfeit his membership ; but he 
shall not thereby be exonerated from the payment of 
his arrears. 

5. Honorary or Corresponding Members may be 
elected by the Board of Managers, who shall report 
such election at the next meetino^ of the Institute. 

III. Meetings. 

1. The Stated meetings of the Institute shall be 
held monthly. 

2. Special meetings shall be called by order of the 
President, on application of the Board of Managers, 
or of twelve Members of the Institute. Fifteen mem- 
bers shall constitute a quorum. 

IV. Payments. 

1. Every Member shall pay an annual contribu- 
tion of three dollars, which will entitle him to all 
the benefits of the Institution. 

2. The payment of twenty-five dollars shall con- 
stitute a Member for life, with an exemption from all 
annual payments. 

V. Officers. 

The Officers shall be a President, two Vice-Presi- 
dents, a Recording Secretary, a Corresponding Sec- 



11 



retary, a Treasurer, twenty-four Managers, and three 
Auditors, to be chosen annually. Two-thirds of the 
Managers shall be Manufacturers or Mechanics. 

VI. Elections, 

The first Election for Officers shall be held on 
Monday, the 16th day of February, instant, and the 
subsequent annual Elections shall be held on the third 
Thursday in January ; but if no Election shall take 
place at that Meeting, the Officers in existence shall 
continue until a new Election be held. No member 
shall be entitled to vote until all arrears shall have 
been paid. 

VII. President, 

It shall be the duty of the President, or, in his 
absence, of the senior Vice-President present, or, in 
their absence, of a President to be chosen pro tempore, 
to preside at the meetings of the Institute, preserve 
order therein, put all questions, and announce the de- 
cisions. 

VIII. Secretaries, 

1. It shall be the duty of the Recording Secretary 
to keep a record of the proceedings of all meetings of 
the Institute, and give notice of the stated and special 
meetings. 

2. It shall be the duty of the Corresponding Sec- 
retary to answer all letters addressed to the Institute, 



12 

to open and maintain such correspondence as may- 
tend to advance its interest, to keep a record thereof 
subject to the directions of the Institute, and to ac- 
knowledge donations to the Library and the Cabinets ; 
he shall notify their election to all honorary or cor- 
responding Members. 

IX. Treasurer. 
It shall be the duty of the Treasurer to receive all 
moneys of the Institute, and deposit them, in the 
name of the Corporation, in such Institution as the 
Board of Managers may direct. He shall make no 
payments without written vouchers from the Board of 
Managers. He shall keep accurate accounts of the 
income and disbursements of the Institute ; exhibit an 
accurate statement of his receipts and payments at 
the stated meetings, and whenever called upon by the 
Board of Managers ; and give bond for the faithful 
performance of his trust. 

X. Board of Managers, 

1 . All the Officers of the Society, except the Audi- 
tors, shall be Members of the Board, to whom shall 
be confided all matters of finance, and the various 
concerns of the Institute which may not be otherwise 
provided for, with authority to devise and execute all 
measures which may advance its interests, reporting 
the same to the next meetinof of the Institute for their 
sanction. 

2. They shall keep regular minutes of their pro- 
ceedings, which shall be open at all times to the in- 
spection of the Members of the Institute. 



13 

3. They shall, at the stated meetings of the Insti- 
tute, present a detailed report of their proceedings. 

4. They shall hold stated meetings once in each 
month. They shall elect their officers, and be at liber- 
ty to make by-laws for their own regulation. Seven 
of their number shall constitute a quorum. 

5. They shall have power to fill vacancies in the 
Board from Members of the Institute. 

XI. Amendments t 

To alter or amend this Constitution, notice shall 
be given, stating the intended amendment, at any 
meeting of the Institute, and it shall be acted upon at 
the next or any subsequent stated meeting. Notice 
of proposed amendments shall be given by publica- 
tion in two or more newspapers, and such publica- 
tion be continued until they are finally disposed of. 
No amendment shall become a part of this Constitu- 
tion unless approved by a vote of two-thirds of the 
Members present. 



BY-LAWS. 

I. Auditors- 
It shall be the duty of the Auditors to examine the 

Treasurer's accounts ; to compare them with the 
vouchers, and certify to their correctness. 

II. Meetings, 

The stated meetings of the Institute shall be held 
on the evening of the third Thursday in each month :— - 

At 7 o'clock, in November, December, January, 
and February. 

At 7i o'clock, in March, April, September, and 
October. 

At 8 o'clock, in May, June, July, and August. 

III. Order of Business. 

1st. Reading the Minutes. 

2nd. Reading ^the Correspondence. 

3rd. Donations. 

4th. Reports of Officers. 

5th. Reports of Standing Committees. 

6th. Reports of Select Committees. 

7th. Deferred Business. 

8th. Consideration of Reports. 

9th. Resignations. 

10th. Proposal of Candidates. 

11th. Elections. 

12th. New Business. 

13th. Communications on subjects connected with 
Science and the Arts. 



15 

IV. Committees. 

1st. There shall be the following Standing Com- 
mittees, each to consist of ten members, to be appoint- 
ed by the President and approved by the Institute, 
except the Committee on Science and the Arts, which 
shall be composed of such members as may volunta- 
rily attach themselves thereto, pledging themselves in 
writing, to perform such duties as may be devolved 
upon them. 

1st. On Science and the Arts. 

2nd. On the Library. 

3rd. On the Cabinet of Models. 

4th. On the Cabinet of Minerals and Geological 
Specimens. 

5th. On the Cabinet of Arts and Manufactures. 

6th. On Exhibitions. 

7th. On Meetings. 

8th. Meteorology. 
2nd. A Chairman for each of the said Committees 
shall be chosen by the Institute at the first stated 
meeting after the adoption of these laws ; and annu- 
ally thereafter, by the said Committees, at their stated 
meeting in February. 

3rd. There shall be a Committee on Publications, 
which shall consist of five Members, selected for their 
scientific and literary qualifications, from the Institute 
at large, by the Board of Managers. The said Com- 
mittee shall have power to appoint Collaborators in 
the various departments of the Journal, who shall be 
governed by such rules as the said Committee may 
from time to time prescribe. 



16 

4th. The Standing Committees shall meet statedly 
once a month ; they shall keep regular minutes of 
their proceedings, and report at every stated meeting 
of the Institute. They shall be governed by such 
rules as may be prepared by them, and approved by 
the Institute. 

6th. It shall be the duty of the Standing Commit- 
tees to take cognizance of all matters connected with 
the department of the Institute committed to their 
charge. They shall have no power to expend money, 
except upon appropriations regularly made for their 
use. They shall report to the Board of Managers, 
or to the Institute, from time to time, what moneys 
they will require ; but no appropriation shall be made 
by the Institute until it has been referred to the Board 
of Managers, and report made thereon by them. 

6th. Special Committees, unless otherwise ordered, 
shall be nominated by the Presiding Officer, and be 
approved by a vote of the Institute. 

7th, All Special Committees must report to the 
Institute, in writing, at -the stated meeting next suc- 
ceeding their appointment ; otherwise they shall be 
considered discharged, unless they be continued. 

8th. It shall be the duty of each Committee, pre- 
viously to their being discharged, to present bills of 
all expenses incurred by them, attested by their Chair- 
man. 

9th. No bill shall be paid without having been 
first passed at a regular meeting of the Committee 
entrusted with the object for which the expense has 
been incurred, and its correctness certified by the 



17 

Chairman of the Committee, and afterwards examined 
by the Auditors. 

V. Members of the Institute. 

1st. The annual contributions of Members shall 
become due and payable on the first day of October 
of each year, in advance ; but all members who are 
elected subsequently to January shall pay in advance 
from the date of their election, at the rate of twenty- 
five cents per month, until the first day of October 
next ensuing. Every member, on receiving his 
diploma, shall pay to the Actuary one dollar therefor. 

2nd. No resignation of membership shall be ac- 
cepted until all dues shall have been paid. 

3rd. A correct alphabetical list of all Members of 
the Institute shall be made by the Actuary, and sus- 
pended in the Hall, designating those Members who 
are in arrears. 

VI. Rules. 

1st. All resolutions proposed for the consideration 
of the Institute, must be presented to the Presiding 
Ofiicer, in writing, signed by the mover, and be an- 
nounced from the Chair before any observations are 
made thereon. 

2nd. Any member rising to speak shall be an- 
nounced by the Presiding Ofiicer before proceeding. 

3rd. The name of the mover of a resolution shall 
in all cases, be entered on the minutes. 

4th. No Member shall be permitted to speak more 
than twice on any subject, except the mover of the 
resolution under discussion, or the Chairman of the 

2* 



18 

Committee whose report is under consideration, who 
shall have the privilege of closing the debate. 

5th. The yeas and nays shall be called upon the 
request of five Members ; and to this end, at every 
meeting, each Member,^as he enters the room, shall 
report his name to the Actuary or Janitor, to be re- 
corded. 

6th. Any resolution offered, the subject of which 
does not pertain to the object of the Institute as set 
forth in the Constitution, shall be declared out of 
order by the Chair. Appeals from his decision upon 
this section shall lay over one month, and be sus- 
tained by a vote of two-thirds of the Members present. 

7th. At the stated meeting next preceding the 
election, nominations for all the officers to be voted 
for shall be made, and the names of those nominees, 
who do not decline, shall be placed conspicuously in 
the Hall of the Institute for the inspection of the 
Members. 

VII. Amendments, 
Propositions to alter or amend these laws shall be 
presented in writing. They may be considered when 
presented ; but they shall not be adopted until they 
are agreed to by two-thirds of the Members present 
at the next, or some subsequent stated meeting. 
Notice of proposed amendments shall be given by 
publication in two or more newspapers, and such 
publication be continued until they are finally dispos- 
ed of. 



LAWS 



ADOPTED BY 

THE BOARD OF MANAGERS 

FOR THEIR GOVERNMENT. 



Article 1. Officers. 
The officers of the Board shall be a Chairman, an 
Actuary, and two Curators. 

Article 2. Chairman, 

The Chairman shall preside at the meetings of the 
Board ; he shall sign all orders upon the Treasurer of 
the Institute, when the accounts shall have been passed 
by the Board : and shall call special meetings when- 
ever he shall receive a written request, signed by five 
Members. 

Article 3. Actuary, 

The Actuary shall keep correct records of all pro- 
ceedings of the Board, subject at all times to the in- 
spection of any of its Members ; he shall notify to 
every committee their appointment, through their 
Chairman, and shall transmit to him any documents 
relative thereto, within two days after the appointment 
of the committee. He shall keep a roll of the Mem- 
bers' names, and at every meeting note the absentees, 
and also those who attend later than the fixed hour 



20 

of meeting. He shall give notice of every special 
meeting of the Board by printed Circulars. He shall 
not lend any document or paper of the Board to any 
Member thereat without a receipt. He shall attest 
all orders drawn by the Board. He shall act as 
agent for the Journal of the Institute, Secretary of 
the Standing Committees, and Librarian. He shall, 
in conjunction with the Curators, have charge of the 
Hall and all the property of the Institute. It shall 
also be his duty to provide a suitable person to per- 
form the duties of Janitor to the Institute, and such 
other assistants as he may deem necessary in the 
execution of his office. 

Article 4. Curators. 

The Curators shall have charge of all the property 
of the Institute, except the records, papers, and books, 
which may be assigned to any of its officers. They 
shall keep regular minutes of their proceedings, and 
report them monthly to the Board. All bills for ad- 
vertising shall be under the cognizance of the Cura- 
tors, and be signed by them before receiving the 
signatures of the Auditors. 

Article 5. Meetings. 

The stated meetings of the Board shall be held on 
the evening of the third Wednesday in each month ; 
at 8 o'clock in May, June, July, and August, and at 
Ik o'clock the remainder of the year. 

A fine of twelve and a-half cents shall be levied on 



21 

each Member who is absent when the roll of the 
Board is first called ; and an additional fine of twelve 
and a half cents shall be levied on each member who 
does not appear during the meeting. 

Article 6. Order of Business. 

The order of business at the meetings of the Board 
shall be as follows ; 1st. Calling the Roll. 2d. 
Reading the Minutes. 3rd. Reports from Standing 
Committees. 4th. Reports of Select Committees. 
5th. New business. 6th. Calling the Roll. 

Article 7. Committees, 

I. Standing Committees shall be nominated by the 
Chairman, and approved by the Board, on the fol- 
lowing subjects, viz : 

1. Publications. 

2. Instruction. 

3. Managers of the Sinking Fund and Finance. 
It shall be the duty of the Standing Committees to 

keep regular minutes of their proceedings, and to 
report tliem monthly to the Board. 

II. All other committees shall be appointed in the 
following manner : the Chairman shall nominate to 
the Board the Chairman of the committee, who shall 
name a second Member, and he a third, <fcc., until the 
whole number be filled, a vote being taken upon each. 

All special committees must report to the Board, in 
writing, at the stated meeting next succeeding their 
appointment ; otherwise they shall be considered as 



23 

discharged, and a new committee appointed, unless 
continued by the Board. 

It shall be the duty of each committee, previous to 
their being discharged by the Board, to present bills 
of all expenses incurred by them, attested by their 
Chairman. No committee shall have power to con- 
tract any debt, unless previously authorized by the 
Board of Managers, and an appropriation made. 

No bill shall be paid without having been first pas- 
sed at a regular meeting of the committee entrusted 
with the object for which the expense has been in- 
curred, and its correctness certified by the Chairman 
of the committee, and afterwards examined by the 
Auditors. 



REGULATIONS 



FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF 

THE COMMITTEE ON INSTRUCTION. 



The lectures shall commence on the second Mon- 
day evening in November, and be continued on the 
evenings of Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, for 
twenty-one weeks, including the introductory lectures. 
The first week to be occupied by introductory lec- 
tures, which shall be open to all who may please to 
attend ; to the remainder, those only shall be ad- 
mitted who have tickets, except strangers visiting the 
city, who may be admitted by a ticket from a Mem- 
ber of the Committee on Instruction, or by the consent 
of the Actuary. 

Tickets of admission shall be delivered to Mem- 
bers and others under the following regulations, viz : 

To every Member for life, and such as have paid 
their annual contributions for the current year. 

To minors, who are the sons, daughters, wards, or 
apprentices of Members who have paid their annual 
contributions to the Institute, including the current 
year, on the payment of one dollar ; and to those 
who are pupils of the Drawing School, without charge. 

To gentlemen who are not members of the Insti- 
tute, on the payment of Five Dollars ; and to ladies 
for Two Dollars each for the season. 



24 

Minors who are admitted must conduct themselves 
in a quiet and orderly manner during their attendance 
at the Lectures, and on entering and leaving the room : 
should they behave otherwise, or disturb the class by 
applauding, talking, or in any other manner, or re- 
fuse to deliver their tickets to the Actuary or his as- 
sistant, when required to do so, they'shall be expelled 
from the room, and their tickets be forfeited for the 
remainder of the season, unless a proper acknowledg- 
ment be made to the Committee on Instruction, who 
may admit them on their good behaviour, except for 
the second offence, when their tickets shall be for- 
feited without reserve. 



^PL 



REGULATIONS 



FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF 



THE COMMITTEE ON THE LIBRARY 



I. The large room on the second floor of the Hall 
shall be appropriated for the purpose of a Reading 
Room, when not required for the meetings of the In- 
stitute. 

II. The Reading Room shall be open daily, (Sun- 
days excepted,) from 10 o'clock, a. m. to 10 o'clock, 
p. M. 

III. No conversation shall be permitted in the 
Reading Room, to the interruption of the readers ; 
but the adjoining north-east and south-east rooms may 
be used for that purpose, when not required for the 
meetings of the Board of Managers, or committees. 

IV. Members shall have the privilege of introduc- 
ing to the Reading Room persons who are not resi- 
dents of Philadelphia, who shall then have free access 
to the rooms during one month. All visiters must be 
presented to the Actuary, and their names, occupa- 
tions, and residences, be entered in a book appropria- 
ted for that purpose, with the signature of the Mem- 
ber by whom they were introduced. 

V. The Library shall be divided into two classes ; 
the first comprising such works, as from their rarity, 
value, or extent, should not be lent out, except when 
required by committees for the use of the Institute ; 



26 

or by Members who have obtained the sanction of 
the committee at a regular meeting ; to this class shall 
be added all unbound periodicals, and such text-books 
as ought necessarily to be found in a library of refer- 
ence. The second class shall include those books 
intended for circulation among the Members. 

VI. The Actuary shall have authority to loan to 
Members of the Institute any work belonging to the 
second class, subject to the following regulations. 

Section 1st. Every person, on borrowing a book, 
shall sign a conditional bond, or obligation, for the 
sum of FIFTY DOLLARS, as sccurity for his due observ- 
ance of the rules of the library, and for the value of 
such books as may be injured or lost by him. 

Section 2d. No individual shall be permitted to 
have more than two books out at one time, without 
a written permission, signed by at least two members 
of the Library Committee, nor shall a book be kept 
out more than two weeks ; but if no one has applied 
for it, the former borrower may renew the loan: 
should any person have applied for it, the latter shall 
have the preference. 

Section 3d. A fine of ten cents per week shall be 
exacted for the detention of every book beyond the 
limited time ; and if a book be not returned within 
three months, it shall be deemed lost, and the borrower 
shall, in addition to his fines, forfeit its value. 

Section 4th. Should any book be returned injured, 
the borrower shall pay for the injury, or replace the 
book, as the Library Committee may direct; and if 
one or more books, belonging to a set or sets, be lost, 



27 

the borrower shall pay the full value of the set or sets, 
and may take the remaming volumes. 

VII. Any person removing from the Hall, without 
permission from the proper authorities, any book, 
newspaper, or other property in charge of the Library 
Committee, shall be reported to the Committee, who 
may inflict any fine not exceeding Twenty-five Dol- 
lars. 

VIII. No member whose annual contribution for 
the current year shall be unpaid, or who is in arrears 
for fines, shall be entitled to the privileges of the 
Library or Reading Room. 

IX. If any Member shall refuse or neglect to com- 
ply with the foregoing rules, it shall be the duty of 
the Actuary to report him to the Committee on the 
Library. 

X. The Actuary shall keep a book on the table of 
the Reading Room, subject to the inspection of the 
Members, in which shall be registered the names of 
the donors, and of all articles presented to the Library. 

XL Books presented or deposited shall be subject 
to the preceding regulations, or to such special rules 
as may be determined by the depositor, which shall 
be reported to the committee, and be entered on the 
minutes. 

XII. Any member detected in mutilating the News- 
papers, Pamphlets, or Books belonging to the Insti- 
tute, shall be deprived of his right of membership, and 
the name of the ofi*ender shall be made public. 



REGULATIONS 



FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF 

THE COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND THE ARTS. 



Duties of the Committee^ 

1. It shall be the duty of said committee to ex- 
simine, either as a body or by sub-committees, all in- 
ventions that may be submitted to them, and to make 
a detailed descriptive report, giving their opinion with 
candour and impartiality on the subject submitted. 

2. It shall also be the duty of that committee to 
institute and conduct, by sub-committees or otherwise, 
such scientific investigations as they may deem 
worthy of consideration, and \o publish the results in 
the Journal of the Institute. 

3. It shall further be the duty of that committee, 
by sub-committee or otherwise, to inquire into, and 
report upon the state of the Arts generally, or of any 
branch thereof, when called upon to do so, in order 
to disseminate useful practical information, or histori- 
cal facts in relation thereto. 

4. Those scientific duties in general, which devolve 
upon the Institution, tending to mutual instruction 
and the dissemination of knowledge, and which are 



29 



not specially entrusted by the Constitution to the offi- 
cers of the Institute, shall be confided to the Commit- 
tee on Science and the Arts. 

Duties of the Chairman, 

He shall take the Chair at the hour appointed ; 
preserve order and decorum in debate, suppress all 
personal reflections, and confine the Members to the 
question under discussion. When two or more 
Members rise at the same time, he shall designate the 
one entitled to the floor. 

He shall decide all questions of order : an appeal 
from his decision to the committee cannot be made 
by less than two Members. He may, however, sub- 
mit questions of order to the committee for their de- 
cision. 

On questions of order, there shall be no debate, ex- 
cept on an appeal from the decision of the Chairman, 
or on a reference of a question by him to the com- 
mittee. On questions of order, no Member shall 
speak more than once, unless by leave of the com- 
mittee : on other questions, a Member may speak 
twice, but not oftener without leave. 

The Chairman shall appoint the members of all 
sub-committees, unless otherwise ordered. And 
whenever he shall ascertain that any member of a 
sub-committee is absent or unable, or unwilling to dis- 
charge the duties assigned to such member, the chair- 
man is empowered, if deemed expedient, to substitute 
another member in his place. 

3* 



30 



Order of Business. 

1st. Reading and approval of the Minutes of the 

preceding Meeting. 
2d. Reports of Sub-Committees. 
3d. Consideration of Reports. 
4th. Consideration of Reports for final action upon 

them. 
5th. New Business, 
6th. Adjournment. 

On Investigations. 

1st. Every subject submitted to the Committee for 
Investigation, before it can be entertained, shall be 
accompanied by a written request, addressed to the 
committee, from the party desiring such investigation, 
and any article which is the subject of a patent must 
be accompanied with a written request from the 
patentee or patentees, or some person authorized by 
him or them, before any action can be taken upon it 
by the committee. 

2nd. No inventor, or other person, interested in 
the issue of an investigation, shall be present when 
the merits of the subject, or of the invention which he 
represents shall be under discussion, except at the 
special invitation of the sub-committee charged with 
the investigation ; but after the report of the sub-com- 
mittee has been prepared, he may examine it, on ap- 
plication to the Actuary, and may make any explana- 
tions or objections, in writing, addressed to the Chair- 
man of the general committee, provided such expla- 



31 

nations or objections shall be submitted within one 
month after the report of the sub-committee shall have 
been read before a stated meeting of the general com- 
mittee. 

No subject or mvention can be withdrawn, after it 
has been assigned to a sub-committee for investiga- 
tion, without the consent of the general committee. 

3rd. The reports of all sub-committees may be dis- 
cussed at the same meeting at which they are present- 
ed, but shall be laid over for final action until the next 
stated meeting of the general committee, except when 
a written request is preferred by the parties interested, 
they may be taken up on the vote of three-fourths of 
the Members present, and finally disposed of. 

4th. After a report has been finally acted on in the 
general committee, it shall not be re-considered except 
by a vote of two-thirds of the Members present; and 
a motion for reconsideration must be made at least 
one stated meeting prior to its being acted on, by a 
Member who voted with the majority on the final 
disposition of such report. Notice of such intended 
motion of re-consideration to be given in writing to 
the Actuary, within three days after the adoption of 
the report which it is proposed to re-consider. 

5th. Sub-committees in preparing their reports, 
shall accompany them with drawings or diagrams, 
whenever they will serve to illustrate the subject of 
^heir reports ; and they shall be authorized, when- 
ever they shall think it necessary, to require from in- 
ventors, or other persons interested in the investiga- 
tion, to furnish such drawing or diagram as a condi- 
tion of their making such investigation and report. 



32 

Reports on all subjects must be signed by a ma- 
jority of the sub-committee charged with the subject. 
No report can be published which has not been finally 
acted upon by the general committee. When a re- 
port is ordered to be published, it shall be signed only 
by the Actuary. 

6th. Sub-committees, or members of sub-commit- 
tees, neglecting to attend to the duties assigned them 
within one month after their appointment, shall be 
discharged, unless satisfactory excuse shall be given 
to the general committee. 

7th. It shall be the duty of the Actuary to furnish 
to each inventor a copy of the report of the general 
committee within ten days after such report shall have 
been finally adopted. 

8th. When any sub-committee deem the invention 
upon which they report worthy an award of the 
Scott's legacy premium and medal, they shall append 
to their report a recommendation to that effect. 

9th. Every inventor or other person who may 
submit a subject to the committee for investigation, 
shall be furnished by the Actuary with a copy of the 
circular and rules relating to the Scott's legacy pre- 
mium, and the rules and regulations of the committee 
governing all investigations. 

10th. No report shall be made on any invention 
or discovery, the process or ingredients of which are 
not made known to the Committee, unless otherwise 
ordered by a vote of three-fourths of the members 
present. 



33 

Scoti^s Legacy Premium. 

The award of the premiums authorized by the 
legacy of John Scott to the city of Philadelphia, hav- 
ing been vested by the Select and Common Councils 
of the city, in the Franklin Institute of the State of 
Pennsylvania for the promotion of the Mechanic Arts, 
the following particulars are published for the infor- 
mation of the ingenious throughout the United States : 

John Scott, chemist, late of Edinburgh, by his will, 
made in the year 1816, bequeathed the sum of four 
thousand dollars in the funded three per cent, stock 
of the United States, to the corporation of the city of 
Philadelphia, directing that the interest and dividend 
to become receivable thereon, should be laid out in 
premiums, to be distributed among ingenious men 
and women, who make useful inventions, but no such 
premium to exceed twenty dollars, and that therewith 
shall be given a copper medal, with this inscription : 
"To the most deserving." 

The Select and Common Councils, by an ordi- 
nance, passed Feb. 27, 1834, vested the award of the 
aforesaid premiums and medals in the Franklin Insti- 
tute of the State of Pennsylvania for the promotion of 
the Mechanic Arts ; and by the Managers of the 
Franklin Institute, the duty of examining inventions 
and improvements, and of recommending the award 
of medals and premiums, has been devolved upon 
the Committee on Science and the Arts. 

The committee have adopted the following rules in 
regard to recommendations of the award of premiums 
or medals by them. 



34 

1st. A recommendation for the award of a pre- 
mium must be made by the Committee on Science 
and the Arts, on a report of a sub-committee, who 
shall have been appointed to examine such invention. 

2nd. All inventions shall be accompanied by a cer- 
tificate, by the inventor, of the originality of the in- 
vention or improvement submitted. 

3rd. The invention or improvement shall be ac- 
companied by a clear description of the same, together 
with drawings, or a model — such description and 
drawings or model to become the property of the 
Franklin Institute. 

4th, When the invention is a composition of mat- 
ter, specimens of the ingredients and of the compound 
sufficient for the purpose of experiments, and to pre- 
serve in the cabinet of the Franklin Institute, shall be 
furnished by the inventor. 

5th. All applications for the Scott's legacy medals 
and premiums must be made to the Actuary of the 
Institute, by whom the applications and accompany- 
ing descriptions, drawings, &c,, shall be laid before 
the Committee on Science and the Arts, and by whom 
all publications ordered by said committee in relation 
to said premiums, &c., shall be made. 

6th. Whenever an invention or improvement shall 
have been decided by the Committee on Science and 
the Arts, to be worthy of a medal and premium, pub- 
lication shall be made that said premium or medal 
will be awarded after the expiration of three months 



35 

from the date of the decision by the committee, unless 
in the meantime satisfactory evidence shall have been 
submitted of the want of originality of the supposed 
invention or improvement. 



